According to the statistics of relevant departments, furniture pollution has become the third largest source of pollution after pollution of home construction and office buildings and pollution of decoration and decoration. The problem of excessive formaldehyde in furniture has become a hot spot in the market with the improvement of consumers' health awareness and the attention of relevant parties.
At present, most of the panel furniture produced by wood-based panels on the market has become a popular family of furniture products because of its novel style, clear texture, non-deformation, difficulty in cracking, and anti-mite. However, if the panel furniture made of wood-based panels is used with inferior adhesives or excessive use of adhesives, it is highly likely that the formaldehyde emission of the finished panel furniture will exceed the standard.
Formaldehyde source in panel furniture
Panel furniture based on wood-based panels tends to emit formaldehyde to a different extent during use, which is related to its main constituent material. For wood-based panels, the formaldehyde emitted by them mainly has the following aspects: free formaldehyde remaining in the reaction of resin synthesis; the formaldehyde which has been involved in the reaction of the resin is released during the hot pressing and forming process. Formed formaldehyde; formaldehyde inherent in wood raw materials.
Furniture has added other sources of formaldehyde in its production process, mainly including: a part of formaldehyde remaining in furniture veneer materials (such as melamine impregnated paper) or later; the adhesive used in furniture for various veneers The formaldehyde contained in the adhesive; the adhesive is the main culprit in the release of formaldehyde from furniture, accounting for 90% of the formaldehyde released from the artificial board.
Factors affecting the release of formaldehyde in furniture
Furniture is a combination of different materials, its formaldehyde release factor is more complicated than formaldehyde emission from simple plates, but its formaldehyde release is mainly based on the formaldehyde release of wood-based panels. For this reason, we will discuss the formaldehyde release of wood-based panels. Influencing factors.
Diffusion characteristics of formaldehyde in panel furniture
It is related to the raw material of the board, the porosity of the diffusion interface, the density of the board, the structure of the furniture and the way of closing. In the case of wood-based panels, a large number of tests have shown that the main channel for formaldehyde release is the end face rather than the surface, and its formaldehyde release is mainly concentrated on the edge end faces. This is because the rubber layer of the wood-based panel is exposed at the edge of the edge, and the release of formaldehyde passes through the gap between the conduit and the pit, which closes the surface of the sheet and increases the internal power of releasing formaldehyde around the panel. Therefore, in the furniture In the standard, wood-based panels are required to be edge-sealed. In addition to being aesthetically pleasing and preventing deformation, the main purpose is to effectively reduce the amount of formaldehyde released.
In addition, when manufacturing furniture, when the strength requirements are met, the thin plate should be used as much as possible. The effect of furniture decoration on formaldehyde emission is also obvious. In the specific implementation process, low-formaldehyde adhesives, decorative materials and coatings, and reasonable processes should be used to ensure that no new formaldehyde is released after decoration.
Measures to control the amount of formaldehyde released from furniture
The National Mandatory Standard GB18584-2001 "Limits of Hazardous Substances in Wood Furniture for Interior Decoration Materials" was implemented in January 2002. From the requirements of the limit of harmful substances in wooden furniture, the current focus is mainly on the amount of formaldehyde released from wood furniture. Therefore, as a furniture manufacturer that produces wood furniture enterprises or decoration companies, especially artificial boards, it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the formaldehyde content in furniture products. Controlling the amount of formaldehyde released from furniture can be started from the following aspects:
(1) Use the artificial board that meets the standard, and use the wood-based board that meets the standard as the base material for producing furniture. This is the basis for controlling the formaldehyde emission in the wood furniture.
(2) Strengthen the production process of furniture. The artificial board using the E2 mark in the wooden furniture, the standard stipulation must be used for the interior after the finish treatment, that is, the furniture needs to be surface-decorated when the parts are produced. These treatments include surface finish and closure of the end faces of the parts. Therefore, pay attention to the requirements of the process and minimize the release of free formaldehyde.
(3) Reasonable use of formaldehyde-free or low-formaldehyde adhesives. In addition to this, a formaldehyde scavenger is also used to capture formaldehyde. With the continuous improvement of consumers' awareness of rights protection, the purchase of furniture is particularly important for the release of formaldehyde. At present, the national mandatory standard GB 18584-2001 limit of harmful substances in wooden furniture: formaldehyde emission limit value ≤ 1.5mg / L. If the test report shows that the formaldehyde emission of the product does not exceed the national standard, consumers can rest assured to buy.
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