Recently, the team of Zhao Baosheng of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a new type of X-ray modulation source and an X-ray detector based on a micro-channel plate. Ray communication method experiment.
Since the discovery of X-rays by German physicist WK Roentgen in 1895, this very short-wavelength and highly penetrating ray can cause many solid materials that are invisible to the naked eye to emit visible fluorescence, so it is obtained in medical fluoroscopy and nondestructive testing Widely used. In fact, as an electromagnetic wave with a very short wavelength, X-rays can also be transmitted in space, successfully implementing communication functions.
At present, the research and application of space wireless communication has covered the range of electromagnetic waves such as radio waves, microwaves to infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, etc., but the research and application of X-ray communication is still blank. Therefore, the research on the new concept of space communication method using X-ray as information carrier has important scientific significance and application prospect.
Due to the short wavelength of X-rays and strong penetration ability, when the X-ray photon energy is greater than 10 kiloelectron volts (wavelength is less than 0.12 nanometers) and the atmospheric pressure is less than 10-1 Pascal, the X-ray transmittance is 100%. The transmission has almost no attenuation. This means that very little transmission power can be used to achieve long-distance space communication. Therefore, compared with the communication of microwaves, lasers and other electromagnetic waves, X-ray communication has the advantages of good directivity, low transmission power, long transmission distance, strong confidentiality, no electromagnetic interference from space environment, and communication frequency bandwidth. It is expected to be realized in the future Satellite real-time communication. In 2007, Keith Gendreau, an astrophysicist at NASA ’s Goddard Space Flight Center, proposed the concept of using X-rays to realize point-to-point communication of space satellite vehicles, which is considered to be "the next generation of new space communication methods."
The X-ray modulation source developed by Zhao Baosheng and others is a combination of vacuum triode and X-ray tube technology to achieve high-speed modulation of X-ray energy. The theoretical design emission bandwidth can reach 50G Hz. At the same time, the X-ray detector based on the micro-channel plate has the advantages of fast time response, large receiving area and small minimum detectable power. With this technical solution, when the X-ray divergence angle is less than 2 milliradians, the X-ray photon energy is greater than 20 kiloelectron volts, and the X-ray emission power is 100 milliwatts, it can transmit more than 6000 kilometers in space.
At present, the Xi'an Optoelectronics Institute has built an X-ray digital transmission verification system based on voice communication, which mainly includes X-ray transmitting devices and receiving devices, and has realized OOK (open key control) and PWM (pulse width modulation) two modulation methods Under the voice communication, the communication rate reaches 64 kilobits per second in a 6-meter vacuum pipeline.
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