Leading is not Vanke, the goal of the revolution is not limited to housing prices, 3D printing may bring three senses to Chinese real estate: technology sense, insecurity and crisis.
In the residential industry, Vanke Group, which has a building R&D center, has always been regarded as a “technical flow†real estate company. The more advanced “prefabricated†technology is also the first industrialization of Vanke. Yu Liang had previously said that Vanke’s new residential building this year has reached 100% prefabrication of the interior wall and 40% prefabrication of the exterior wall.
The full name of "prefabrication" is "precast concrete". The difference between it and the traditional construction method is that the prefabrication is well maintained in the factory, the quality is easier to control, and the hollowing and cracking of the ordinary residential wall surface can be avoided. The prefabricated English is precast concrete, so this building board is generally referred to as the "PC version" in the industry.
Recently, the "3D printing architecture" technology, which is more advanced than the PC board, has emerged. It is not the real estate leader Vanke Group, but a Shanghai-based construction technology company - Yingchuang Technology and Hebei real estate agent - Zhuo Group.
Leju reporter learned that, in layman's terms, prefabrication is to pre-cast the entire wall and then splicing it on the spot, while 3D printing prints the entire room at a time, and then directly builds a suite. Simply put, prefabrication is two-dimensional, while 3D is three-dimensional. From a technical perspective, 3D printing is clearly more cutting-edge.
On July 17, Zhuoda Group performed a 3D printed 3D hardcover villa in the Zhonghe Square in Qujiang, Xi'an. According to local media reports, in addition to a crane, there are separate living room, bedroom, kitchen, bathroom and other modules. Workers have successively hoisted these building modules and installed them together. In less than three hours, a two-storey villa was completed, just like building blocks.
This is not the first time that Zhuoda tested 3D printing. Leju reporter learned that in the past month, Zhuoda has carried out a tour exhibition called “3 hours to build two-storey hardcover villas†in Shijiazhuang, Jinan, Harbin, Anshan and Weihai, showing the fullness. A sense of technology.
Zhuo Da's engineer An Yongliang introduced that 90% of the villa's building process has been completed in the factory, and only the assembly process is left. “Traditional villa construction takes about half a year from the time of construction, and it takes only a few days for the 3D printing module to build a villa from production to construction.â€
An Yongliang also said that although the construction time of the house is short, because each module can bear the weight independently, it can resist the magnitude 9 earthquake. At the same time, the steel cage structure can fully fill the insulation material to achieve a good insulation effect.
Wang Pengfei, an assistant engineer at China Harbor Corporation, explained to Leju reporters that many of these functions are related to 3D printing technology. “For example, 3D printing is layered by layers of printers, and it has very good compactness, so the waterproof and sound insulation performance is good. In addition, these buildings have good consistency, so the earthquake resistance is very good.â€
Wang Pengfei also introduced that 3D printing construction technology was born in China. It was earlier and had a greater influence. It was a construction technology company under the Shanghai and Asia-Pacific shares, Yingchuang Technology, and the founder of Yingchuang, Ma Yi and Engineering, was born. Claiming to have studied 3D technology for 12 years.
Leju reporter learned that in November last year, Yingchuang printed a sales office for Shanghai Tomson Yipin 3D. In January this year, Yingchuang printed the so-called "the world's highest 3D printed architecture", by Zhongjianba Installation by the bureau, one floor for one day, one floor for five days, is a single 5-storey residential building. At the same time, Yingchuang also printed a set of hardcover villas with an area of ​​1,100 square meters. In addition, Yingchuang can also print vertical farms, which are directly planted on the wall and plan to print out a 3D fish dish exclusive ecological farm. Recently, Yingchuang also printed the KIP overall Hall A for CIC at the Milan Expo.
According to Wang Pengfei, the difference between Yingchuang and Zhuoda is that Zhuoda is assembled, that is, the printed parts are assembled and not suitable for large and high-rise buildings, and Yingchuang has a large-scale construction method. “Ying Chuang prints the mold first, like printing a grooved wall or column, and then filling the concrete with it. This method can greatly improve the integrity of the building and all aspects of physical properties.â€
However, 3D technology is fresh and exciting, but domestic companies have not yet touched on industrialization and marketization.
The 3D printing buildings of Zhuoda Group have only been in the display stage so far, and their focus is more on the “green building materials†followed by “3D printingâ€. The Zhuoda Group used “3D green printing†when introducing 3D printed buildings. Their strategy is almost “showing a city and building a cityâ€. It is understood that Zhuoda has started construction of green building materials factory in Xianning, Hubei and Anshan, Liaoning. Among them, Zhuoda claims that the total contracted building area with a total construction area of ​​over 600,000 square meters and a total amount of more than 2 billion yuan of green building materials is not specifically related to 3D printing, and is biased towards the concept of environmental protection.
It is not difficult to understand that the environmental protection legislation of the national environmental protection department is becoming more and more frequent. The environmental protection housing is not only a legal trend but also a lifestyle trend. Real estate developers will of course rely on the green concept.
Yingchuang's footsteps are slightly faster. According to Yaxia Shares (002375), its shareholding subsidiary Yingchuang Technology has established a joint venture with a foreign company. Yingchuang has invested in patented technology and intellectual property, accounting for 20% of the joint venture. Equity, the joint venture company will provide a complete housing solution for the Indian market, and pre-investment of a total price of 9 million US dollars to buy a 3D printing production line. However, Yingchuang is involved in foreign markets.
Wang Pengfei believes that, overall, domestic 3D buildings are at the stage of R&D and concept, and the cost of research and development is too high. There is still a long way to go from civilian use and large-scale use.
Leju reporter learned that, in addition to research and development costs, the cost of 3D printing is almost the same as the cost of traditional construction. An Yongliang, the R&D engineer of Zhuoda Group, told the media that the cost of Zhuoda's 3D printing villa is 2,500-3,500 yuan per square meter.
According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the average value of housing completion in 2013 was 2,643 yuan per square meter. According to the latest report of China Green Building, published by CB Richard Ellis, in 2014, China Green Label was one to three. The incremental cost of a star-rated residential building is 23 yuan / square meter, 66 yuan / square meter and 121 yuan / square meter. That is to say, even if it is a green building, the traditional technology is about 2,666 yuan - 2,764 yuan / square meter. In contrast, the cost of 3D printed buildings is not much higher. In this way, R&D costs are the ultimate bottleneck in 3D printing technology in the residential sector.
However, in time, the invasion of real estate by 3D printing will greatly enhance the efficiency of real estate housing, which will have an unpredictable impact on the development model of traditional real estate, company seating and housing prices.
(Editor)
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