Researchers from institutions such as Columbia University and Edinburgh University in the United States have recently discovered a new hepatitis C virus in domestic dogs through high-throughput sequencing technology. The new virus, named canine hepacivirus (CHV), can cause hepatitis-like infections in animals other than humans and primates. The research results were published in this week's "PNAS".
Around the world, about 200 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The latest data show that the number of hepatitis C patients in mainland China is close to 40 million. As with other viruses, if a system can be established to propagate this pathogen in cell culture, it will be of great benefit to better understand hepatitis C and accelerate the development of antiviral therapy. Unfortunately, HCV cultivation is very difficult. Even if 200 million people are infected, only one isolate can reproduce in cell culture without obtaining an adaptive mutant. Therefore, most of the current HCV research is based on this strain and specific cell lines derived from liver cancer.
In this study, researchers at the Center for Infection and Immunization at Columbia University and the University of Edinburgh identified respiratory viruses that infected domestic dogs. Using Roche 454's GS FLX system, the researchers discovered an unknown hepatitis C virus CHV. Comparative phylogenetic analysis confirmed that it is most genetically similar to HCV. Further analysis confirmed that the genome of CHV contains a genome-scale ordered RNA structure (GORS), a secondary structure that allows viruses to chronically infect their natural host. In addition, the gene sequences encoding proteins involved in viral infection and replication in CHV are highly similar to HCV.
The results of the study indicate that the HCV virus may be brought into the human body through contact with dogs, and its distribution in mammals may be wider than expected. The identification of this new virus helps scientists understand how the hepatitis C virus has evolved in the human body, and brings hope to the development of this disease model.
Dr. Ian Lipkin, director of the Center for Infection and Immunization at Columbia University, said: "The identification of CHV heralds the emergence of a new animal model of hepatitis C. This discovery provides a new tool for understanding how the virus causes disease and helps drugs and vaccines Research and development. "
Christopher McLeod, president of 454 Life Sciences, also said: "Using powerful genomics tools, researchers are beginning to understand the different ecosystems of bacteria and viruses that live around us, our bodies, and even our pets. This startling discovery It once explained how the 454 sequencing system provides researchers with a powerful tool to detect viruses and pathogens in multiple hosts. "
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